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最新章节： 第521章 麻豆床传媒网站入口在线观看 （ 2023-09-24 06:42:15）
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爸好厉害~好大~~~插快点
张芳坚从没有出过国门的我，看到了国庆自助游俄罗斯的召集帖子，感觉秋日的北方大国应该是风景绚丽的，一念之下联系了发帖人，然后冲动地拍下了往返莫斯科的飞机票，那个时候是2012年5月9日，正值普金重返俄罗斯政坛的日子。 之后好像觉得时间很多啊，可以看很多资料啊，这样的暗想下晃到了9月了，买火车票，订回程票。却几乎没做什么功课就来到了准备出发的时间了。时光就是这么简单地在反复中从一百多天变成一天或者两天的记忆，还是出行好，出行在外的日子，会因为与平常不同，哪怕一个小时，你都能记得她的内容和意义。我们的生活想要多留一些印记，就需要多一点出行。 什么是俄国？ 是托尔斯泰的《安娜卡列琳娜》、《战争与和平》、《复活》，还是普希金的《假如生活欺骗了你》？ 是《三套车》、《红梅花儿开》，还是柴可夫斯基的《天鹅湖》？ 是保尔柯察金，还是卓娅与舒拉？ 是彼得大帝、叶卡琳娜二世，还是列宁、斯大林？ 是加加林，还是霍尔金娜...... 那个世界上疆土唯一跨11个时区的国家，那个诞生了无数的思想家、艺术家、科学家、优秀运动员的沃土，那个第一个进入宇宙的强大的军事国家..... 脑子空洞的、混沌地、模糊着俄罗斯的形象。 直到旅行归来近两个月的现在，我迟迟不肯动笔，皆是因为我的脑海依然混沌不清，梳理不了对她的思绪，唯一清晰的是我需要更多的时间沉淀，更多地去品读她、感受她、欣赏她！ 这是一组无序的预告片，下来的文字和图片肯定有很多缺失，我只是以一个自助游的过客的身份，匆匆的走进这个国家，而且丝毫不懂俄文，留下的空白，就有待其他人去丰富和填补了。 旅行就是这样，向往憧憬，然后去经历，从字面图片到身体意识，那么多的想象因为脚步的移动，最终变成鲜活的片段，留在你的脑海里！ 或许就此成为你的一部分！ 我看到帖子下方提醒，一个帖子只能上传三张照片，我在大脑里努力搜索，希望找出对俄罗斯最深刻的三个感受，它们是哪三个方面呢？ 一、俄罗斯的教堂 二、俄罗斯的园林 三、俄罗斯的美女本文1-6页游记，后接第19-20页，再接31，33-40页，47-61页看美女的到38页、55-56页 先看看我们这次的行程D1（9月30日）, 早晨从深圳到香港入关（29日抵达深圳），飞往北京，再从北京飞莫斯科，一天吃在飞机上，乘坐晚上1130前往圣彼得堡的火车，夜宿火车；D2（10月1日），清晨抵达圣彼得堡，找好家庭旅店，开始“西餐”生活。坐地铁在列宁广场转公汽前往“皇村”，下午参观圣伊萨大教堂及十二月党人广场，步行涅瓦河大街，宿圣彼得堡；列宁广场皇村圣伊萨大教堂 D3（10月2日），上午去夏宫，乘船游芬兰湾抵达冬宫游览，中午露餐面包，晚餐吃牛排大餐，夜逛彼得堡临街小店，宿圣彼得堡；夏宫芬兰湾冬宫 D4（10月3日），早晨到弗拉基米尔教堂感受东正教仪式， 上午去彼得要塞，下午去滴血大教堂、喀山教堂，逛涅瓦河大街上百货公司，晚上乘火车回莫斯科，宿火车；滴血大教堂 D5（10月4日），清晨抵达莫斯科转火车去金环弗拉基米尔镇，游览圣母升天教堂及悠闲小镇，之后转汽车前往苏兹达尔镇，晚餐在镇上四星园林宾馆吃鱼子酱等，宿苏兹达尔； D6（10月5日），游览苏兹达尔，临时改变行程当天不回莫斯科而继续留住小镇，晚餐买菜做饭，吃了一顿典型的中国餐，晚上散步感受莫斯科郊外的夜晚，宿苏兹达尔；D7（10月6日），碰巧遇到一年一度的赶集节，又改行程，一直玩到下午1点多坐车到弗拉基米尔镇，转长途汽车回莫斯科，夜游莫斯科地铁，宿莫斯科；集市上，边唱边卖，“咱们的大饼最好吃”（猜的啊！唱的什么听不懂）家里种的南瓜、土豆、萝卜、苹果......手工做的针织用品，统统都是自己做的！小洋娃娃带着小老鼠今天也来卖南瓜，好大的南瓜啊！ D8（10月7日），乘地铁到新圣女公墓及修道院，中午吃日本餐，随后参观莫斯科大学，后乘船游览莫斯科河，晚上兵分两路，看马戏和芭蕾舞（未果），夜宿莫斯科；新圣女公墓莫斯科河上观卢日尼基奥林匹克综合体育馆 D9（10月8日），游览克里姆林宫、红场等，逛“古姆”国立百货商场，下午4点前往莫斯科机场，在机场免税商店购伏特加酒，730的飞机离开莫斯科，宿飞机上；雨中红场莫斯科“古姆”百货商店内D10（10月9日），早晨7点多抵达美丽北京，回到祖国怀抱，中午乘火车返回武汉。一碗清粥释思念 2012年的中秋节与国庆紧密相连，还没出门的时候，我就在想，今年的中秋我会在哪里欣赏明月？ 我们购买的机票是从香港起飞到北京，再从北京转飞俄罗斯。29日我们抵达深圳会合，第二天清晨6点，出发前往深圳的罗湖海关，过关后打车前往香港飞机场，8：30准时起飞。在香港机场碰头的是四位女士和一对夫妇，另外一位男士将在圣彼得堡与我们会合，一共七人同行，我们自发组成 一个团队，小队长是年纪最小的zl——这次活动发帖的召集人。 第一次坐那么长时间的飞机，从北京到莫斯科飞了大概7个半小时，睡觉、喝饮料、吃饭、上厕所、聊天、看录像、看书看杂志、伸懒腰、四处走动……. 从拘谨的扣着保险带到随意的来来去去；机上中国人的脸孔居多，不过看着老外也不觉得陌生，感觉飞机上像是一个临时封闭的小party，大家散漫而自在地各行其是，适当地保持着这种近距离却松散的关系。 飞机上显示屏，不断显示着我们的距离和空中航拍图，五千米甚至一万米，一万三千米，我突然想起那首迪克牛仔的歌曲“远离地面快接近三万英尺的距离，思念像粘着身体的引力还拉着泪不停地往下滴，逃开了你，躲在三万英尺的云底……” 而此刻，三万英尺的不是在云底，而是云层之上，我们距离太阳更近，月亮更近。 这是我的2012年的中秋之夜吗？俄罗斯的上空，我们与明月齐肩！ 可惜，还没等看到月亮，我们就落地了，俄罗斯与中国的时差是4个小时，俄罗斯特别擅长的就是阴天，等我们从飞机上走出来的时候，就发现四周阴沉沉的，气温低了很多。 都说进入俄罗斯海关检查很严，不让带水果点心之类的。我还是悄悄带了月饼和一些萝卜干，实际上都顺利过去了。出海关，换卢布，然后就是购去往火车站的市内快车票。 听说俄罗斯的交通也是很拥堵的，的士也不多，所以这次我们多半都是坐市内火车或者地铁，要不就坐公汽，从没打过的士。这是我们在机场的自动购票机前购买前往火车站的城市列车票 莫斯科的火车站有9个之多，不同的火车站是对应开往不同城市的火车，我们的小zl事前都搜索了那些地名和站名，从今天起，我们就开始了拿着打印地图和名称到处问人的自助行走之路了。 我们在飞机场购买的城市列车票直达去圣彼得堡的火车站，但是等到了那里，却发现偌大个火车站，竟然半个英文都没有，这可是俄罗斯的首都，这可是开往第二大城市圣彼得堡的火车站啊，应该也是最大的火车站吧，竟然没有英文示，可见俄罗斯的封闭和保守，这算不算大国沙文主义的遗风呢？ 我们拖着行李从这边到那边，半天找不到哪里是候车处，天下着雨，地上都是水，问了几个人都搞不清，甚至警察也指错了方向，当时内心有点打鼓，在这种完全不通语言的地方，自助行是否太冲动了点？ 几经周折，终于找到了候车处，也是大出意料，竟然这么狭小破旧，几排简陋的椅子，旁边有几个小吃店，比起国内各大城市宽大亮丽的候车厅，这个候车厅真是一个丑小鸭。 难道俄罗斯城市之间流动的人口很少吗？ 幸好有那么几个小时的时差，我们才有那么多时间来找地方，然后穿上羽绒服或者冲锋衣在寒冷中等着上火车。 这是火车站的候车室，就那么几个座位，中间是行李通道，候车的人寥寥无几。候车厅一角，有情侣在吻别下接第5页 小zl之前就在网上订购了火车票，也用A4纸打印出来，在站台上，我们拿出护照，给列车员核对姓名，然后列车员就会告诉我们的铺位号，感谢阿拉伯数字，感谢这个在全世界通用的符号，难以想象如果是如中文汉字般的俄文数字，我们又该怎样。 这列火车都是卧铺车厢，车厢比国内的要狭窄，但设计很有意思，像软卧一样只有两层，下面的床铺是可翻动的，翻起来后将行李放到格子里，放上床板，能保证行李的安全。靠窗那边，平时是一个桌子两个椅子，睡觉的时候就把桌子放下来，也是一张整床，这样，一个档口还是睡六个人，不过排列不一样了。 这样的卧铺空间够高的，但床铺又窄又短，真是令人纳闷，我们睡上去不小心脚都会出来，人高马大的罗斯族人怎么够睡呢？这点到后面参观之后，才了解了所以然，且当后表。 一夜卧铺下来，有三个方面的感受。 首先，与中国不同的是，卧铺床是没有铺好的，每个床铺上只有卷好的垫絮和棉被，旁边会有一套卧具，包括床单、被套、枕套、毛巾，全是白色的，装在一个塑料袋里，一看就是清洗干净的。 我们学着俄罗斯人的摸样，自己铺好床，装好被子和枕头，（毛巾是给洗脸用的）。等第二天早晨再把床单、被套、枕套和毛巾都取下来送到列车员处，自己收拾好床铺，卷好被子和床垫。（之后我们到家庭旅店，也都是如此发送床上用品的。） 这种自助的模式能让人感觉用具的洁净，但实施的关键是需要人们自觉收拾，自觉归还。 一节车厢的顶头左边是一个巨大的垃圾桶，人们有垃圾都是自觉地放到那个垃圾桶，另外一头是列车员的房间，房间门口是热水桶和一个装满了小吃食品的大盘子，列车到站列车员就把那个盘子收起来，等车发动了再端出来放在外面，上面有巧克力、咖啡和一些袋装小吃食品，都有价格，人们要买就自觉放零钱在上面，因为列车员是经常 不在附近的，（相当于中国那些穿梭在各车厢的流动食品车，只是物品没有那么丰富）， 我去倒水的时候看着那个盘子不免感慨，真的没人偷吗？那些物品和零钱真的那么安全吗？（拍的照片因为火车晃动不清晰了，没放上来） 还有一个明显的感觉，车厢里无论有多少人，都非常安静，也有俄罗斯人在结伴说话的，但都只是轻声耳语，旁人是听不到声音的。这与我们国内在车厢里大声地说笑及随意吃食品完全不同。这种体验在之后的地铁、公汽、城市列车上及（没有中国参观团的）景点都能感觉出来，安静的公共场所俄罗斯各处所见。 自助式铺床、没有人看守的小吃售卖盘以及安静的车厢，这些细节是不是一块反光镜，照出俄罗斯民族的素质和文明。 作为经常出行的中国人，我们是否需要对自身的行为和习惯进行反思呢？折叠好的干净的一袋用品 躺在干净的床单和被子里面，感觉很安心，很喜欢这种安静地移动空间，也喜欢上了这种网上结伴而行的方式，大家一路相互照顾，但却无需多的寒暄和言语，经常保持着各自的思考空间，这给我这个喜欢胡思乱想的人，提供了绝好的驰骋之地。 不知怎么就想到了安娜卡列尼娜，她就是在圣彼得堡开往莫斯科的列车上遇到的沃伦斯基，她就是在这趟奔驰的列车上踏入了改变自己命运的启程，曾经那个品德高贵，教养十足，美丽大方，受人尊敬的上流社会的模范妻子，为追求爱情离经叛道，以致最后为爱而亡。这个复杂的俄罗斯女性文学形象，甚至比真实的人物产生更大的影响，一直在世间流传。 火车的终点站，就是安娜的城市，圣彼得堡，这个曾经的帝王之都，会承载怎样的繁华，我们还能否寻觅到她所依附的那份上流社会的喧哗和骄傲…… 第二天天还没亮，我们就到了目的地，走出火车站，发现雨停了，抬头望去，只见明月当空，这是从中国走过来的中秋月吧，我们在圣彼得堡见面了！ 整齐的楼房和站前广场的方尖堆静静地矗立着，迎接着我们的到来。 我们网上联系的家庭旅店就在火车站附近，于是，大家 拖着行李兴高采烈地前往住所，准备开始我们的圣彼得堡之旅！下接第6页 根据地址我们找到了那个临街的小院，三面都有门，只有正对的门前亮着灯，看那样子，也像个家庭旅店的样子。但大门紧闭，怎么敲也没有反应，看门上贴有电话，打了半天没有人接。再拨一个电话，传出来的全是鸟语。 几个人在门前僵持了半个小时，终究没进到里面。大家决定先到街上去吃个早餐，然后等天亮了再想办法。 这家店是二十四小时营业的连锁店，虽是咖啡店但也有各种快捷西餐小吃。 店里没有客人，只有一个小伙子在柜台后面听歌，看到我们进去，很热情地对我们笑着，拿出菜单让我们点。 菜单以俄文为主，但配有图片，而且有部分英文单词。 这是我点的猪肉卷，配一小碟酸奶，一共199卢布。 一顿早餐一下子就花去40元，还真是有点奢侈。而且，吃下去，感觉是没吃饱的，不过想着两卷肉下去了，应该营养是够了的。 这刚开始呢，可不敢想念豆浆、油条、小米粥了。 这个猪肉卷正式拉开了我们西餐的序幕！ 吃了小帅哥做的早餐，突然有人想到让他帮忙打电话，他是能听懂对方的表达的。这招果然好，小zl告诉他我们的意思，他能听懂几个英语单词，也算明白了我们的大意。他打完电话，告诉我们具体的情况，我们团队的那位男士出去寻找，竟然找到了旅店。之前我们敲了半天的地方原来是错误的，并不是那家，而是旁边右手边的那栋，门小得很，门前也没灯，难怪晚上我们找不到了。我们到得太早，订的房间还没有空出来，大家简单的洗漱一下，把行李放在过道上，一致决定先出去玩了再说。嘿嘿，这下，我们可以出门了！ 后接第19页 走不远就看到清晨的那个火车站，天这么蓝，方尖堆在阳光下变了模样。一直都听说圣彼得堡一年晴不了六十天的，我们来的头天就奖励给我们一个大晴天，嘿嘿，真是幸运，回家继续攒人品！（他们说人品好就会出行遇到好天气！）我们今天的计划是去“皇村”，必须先坐地铁，然后转公交。那么接下来就是找地铁站。我们这几天做得最多的一件事就是“找”，找地铁、找车站、找旅店、找景点等等，自助游因为有不断地寻“找”显得更加丰富多彩。估计火车站里肯定有地铁，我们就从昨晚出来的地方又进去。白天来看圣彼得堡的这个火车站，感觉比莫斯科的那个好多了，墙上巨大的圣彼得堡的地图，相对宽敞的候车厅，还有各种艺术的雕塑和壁画，已经让人感觉到了圣彼得堡的气息。进了地铁，才发现与国内的地铁差别太大了。 第一感觉就是特别深，踏上通往地铁的自动扶梯往下看，根本看不到底，估计从上到下得花二分钟，只见彩色精致的广告灯箱一个个向后移动，我们就好像鼹鼠似的，一下子钻到地洞里了。 查了一下资料，圣彼得堡的地铁有些是建在地下100-120处的地层中，其中至少有一个地铁站是世界上真正的深度最深的地铁站。一是因为地表层的原因，另外更重要的是战备的因素。据说，斯大林时代在建造这些地铁的时候，都是将其作为防空战备的场所，那个时候正是核武器发展迅速的时代，所以不惜巨资投入其中。地铁入口处深长的电梯把人们带入地底站台第二个感觉，是站台设计都不相同，各具艺术特点（这个特点在莫斯科地铁更为突出），站台头顶是彩色的壁画，墙壁是材质不同的雕塑，在顶棚还做了别致的石膏花边，俄罗斯民族的艺术性渗透在各个角落。 第三个感觉，发现有设计完全不同的候车通道。不知道是不是采用了不同的技术，有的跟国内一样候车站台是开放的；有的好像是一个封闭的空间，像地下通道一样，大理石的墙中间一道道全封闭的门，特别厚实，人们是无法知道是否有列车过来，只有等门开了，才可以直接进入车厢。普通的候车台全封闭的候车台 小zl招呼大家下车了，钻到地面上，发现川流不息的车流中间，竟然有一道很漂亮的凯旋门，前面还有几道有轨电车，很有特色的街景啊，先不管那些，过了马路拍照再说。一会小zl叫我们了，“大家回地铁站。”原来我们下错了站，早下了一站。哈哈，错了也好，错有错的景色！马路中间的凯旋门，听说圣彼得堡有四个这样的凯旋门，全部是由生铁做的，也不知道我们是到的哪条街。凯旋门上的雕塑很精致，建筑物上都有配套的雕塑是圣彼得堡建筑的一大显著特点。看上面的数字，这个凯旋门是1830年左右建造的有轨电车在马路中间穿过。游记后接31页 下了地铁应该坐11路公汽，等了一会，过来一辆，等六个人还没上完就下来了，说是坐反了。过了地下通道到马路这边，就见着11路过去了，却不知道哪里是车站，几个人又浩浩荡荡地沿着车的方向去找。 真是佩服小zl，在一个路口，她竟然又跑回马路对面去问人，竟然还给她问到了，我们就稀里糊涂到了一个广场，一看那个雕像就知道——列宁广场，又白捡一个景点。 看到这个雕像，想起了小时候看的一部电影《列宁在一九一八》，十月革命时圣彼得堡是苏维埃政权的司令部，列宁在这里领导了那场震惊世界的革命，为了纪念列宁，这座城市甚至在他遇害后被改名为列宁格勒，但时过境迁，现在俄罗斯对这个事件保留好感的人越来越少，很多人更愿意称那场革命是“政变”，是将俄罗斯带入苦难深渊的开端，圣彼得堡甚至出现过列宁雕像被炸的事件。 但不管怎样，列宁还在这里站着，像彼得大帝、叶卡捷琳娜二世一样站立在圣彼得堡城市的中央。 看来，俄罗斯民族对于自己的过去还是很包容的，所以，在这个城市我们可以触碰到很多的历史痕迹，无论那段历史是红色的还是白色的。列宁演讲时的动作还在广场上留存，他的激情曾点燃的是一场革命正如诗人马雅可夫斯基所说：这里每一块石头都记得列宁。 圣彼得堡的公汽没有中国的公汽那么先进，我们坐的是一辆像依维柯那样十几座的车，车上人一直不多，偶尔有几个人站着。 车上没有售票员，也没有专门的收款机器，大家上车，把钱放在司机旁边的引擎盖上，多部分都是自备零钱，如果需要找零，司机回过头来在旁边的盒子里找给顾客。给钱给得简单，收钱也收得很随意。 我们把地图给司机看，司机比划了一下，35卢布一个人，我们请他到站招呼我们一下，也不知道司机听懂没有，反正他笑着点了点头。 坐在公汽上，一路欣赏圣彼得堡的风景，觉得很是惬意，到哪个城市都该去坐坐公汽，真正地坐在当地人中间，让公汽慢悠悠地带着你在城市中穿行，那样，你能真正感受到这个城市的气息和脉搏。 皇村在城市的南郊24公里外，公汽好像开了很久似的，停在一片小树林前面，乘客和司机都告诉我们到站了，有人还指给我们前面的路。 大家下来沿着公路走着，过了马路是一个转弯。 转过弯，大家不约而同地惊呼起来，完全被眼前的景色给震住了： 一条笔直的路，阴沉厚重的云朵前，左边是大片红黄相交的树林，形成一条彩色天然屏幕，一瞬间就出现那个词：开满花的树！那么壮观而气势，宏大中透着娇艳，只憾人心！ 树下是碧绿的草坪，草坪上都是落叶，一阵风过，红黄的叶子缓缓飘落下来，有的还飘到草坪边的流水中…… 环卫工人正在收拾草坪的树叶，好像在收拾自己的家园一般，他们的身影让画面更加鲜活，好像是一段注脚——劳动也是一种风景！游记后接第33页 后来才知道这就是叶卡捷琳娜花园的一侧树墙，参团的旅客可能是从其他的路过去的，他们直接就坐车抵达了皇村的门口，所以这条路上才这么清静，清静得如此绚烂。那些秋天的色彩随着脚步的挪动，缓缓拉开序幕，原来它们是衬托，它们的身影是为了那个蓝色金顶——光彩夺目的叶卡捷琳娜宫！ 我们到了目的地“皇村”，她还有个名字叫“普希金村”，是因为普希金小的时候在这里读过6年书，而普希金被称为是俄罗斯民族语言的创作者，“俄国文学之父”，所以，人们为了纪念这位伟大的文学先锋，在1937年将这里改名为普希金村。 但短短的6年的读书生活，除了后人留下的一座雕像，整个宫殿和花园再也找不到普希金的痕迹，走到哪里都是皇家的气息。所以叫皇村还是最贴切的。 我们进了园子，竟然看到的大部分都是中国旅游团队，熟悉的皮肤、面孔和声音，让我们有回到了中国的感觉。 皇村分为几个部分，我们还是先排队进入叶卡捷琳娜宫吧。 进入宫殿是需要单独买票的，（100卢布），这里屋里屋外温差很大，一般进入房间都会脱去外套，整个俄罗斯的这些室内参观场所都不允许带外套和背包进入，都必须存起来。所以，每个景点都有大范围的存包、存衣处，有专人的管理。这让我想起曾经看过的小说和电影的一些场景，那些外国人出席宴会、party之类的活动就是进门先脱去外套和帽子，将这些交给看管人，看来这是一种习俗了。我们就好比是那些被邀请的客人一般，嘿嘿，有点意思。 大家戴好鞋套，先上二楼吧。 非常幸运，正好有个中国旅游团进来，我们就跟着一起了解这座宫殿吧。 18世纪初，彼得大帝为了夺取一个适合的出海口，打开面向西方的“一扇窗口”，对当时的北方强国瑞典发起了战争，在征战到今天叶卡捷琳娜宫的所在地时，遇到了特别顽强的抵抗，在浴血奋战后，终于攻克该地。彼得大帝感到好奇，于是抓来给一名瑞军俘虏询问，原来当时的瑞典国王很喜欢此地，希望在这里建一座行宫，彼得大帝听后笑了，说道：“回去告诉你们的国王，这里以后就属于俄罗斯了。” 战后，彼得大帝就将首都从莫斯科迁到了圣彼得堡。一次，彼得大帝来到他的一个宠臣家喝茶，被上茶的女茶奴的美貌所吸引，就索要了这位女茶奴，并一生宠爱她，封其为后，还就将这块地赐给了她，她当时只是让人简单的盖了一座二层小楼。她在彼得大帝死后成为俄罗斯新一代女沙皇，史称叶卡捷琳娜一世。她去世后，即位的伊丽莎白将那小楼拆除，在此地大兴土木，建成了今天的叶卡捷琳娜宫摸样，而她及后面的历代沙皇也经常前往此地度假，所以这里称为“皇村”，那个宫殿叫叶卡捷琳娜宫。([]
不见星空完整版视频在线观看
王郁书这段旅行发生在2009年9月底。每次听到马丘比丘都会联想到宫崎骏笔下的《天空之城》。因为马丘比丘（Machu Picchu）也像是一座云中的城堡，海拔2430米。和宫崎骏的Laputa一样，她神秘的隐藏了几百年，只在当地人的传说中提到。直到1911年才被美国耶鲁大学的一位历史学家发现，从而把她带到了西方人的眼中。今天，马丘比丘是南美洲最重要的考古发掘中心，也是秘鲁最受欢迎的旅游景点，每天接待来自世界各地的朝圣者。2007年马丘比丘被评为新世界7大奇迹之一。让我带着你们从古印加帝国的首都库斯科（Cuzco）出发，沿着安第斯山脉中的印加古道，走向神秘的“失落的印加城市”马丘比丘。 这次的筹备工作做了很久。秘鲁政府为了保护古迹，限制每天进入印加古道的人数。所以得提前3个月通过网上在一家当地的向导公司预定报名，提前保留进山的许可证。和我同行的是我们登山野营圈的一个朋友，朱哥。其实这次是我把他忽悠来的。我们的飞机先到秘鲁首都利马，到的时候是凌晨4点多。然后入关之后转秘鲁国内的飞机去库斯科（Cuzco）。库斯科是秘鲁西南部的一座海拔3399米的城市，也是古印加帝国的首都。向导公司要求我们必须在进入印加古道之前提前3天入住库斯科，这样可以让身体逐渐适应高海拔的环境。刚下飞机，突然听见音乐声大作。神马情况？只见在库斯科的机场大厅里，一群人穿着当地的民族服装跳起舞来。然后有两个mm来给我们脖子上戴花环。不会是专门为了欢迎我们吧？后来知道是当地旅游局为了欢迎游客搞的。每来一趟班机就跳一场。嘿嘿，虽然不是给我们的专场，但是这热情让我本来困的不行的大脑又兴奋起来。我们入住的旅馆是一个家庭客栈。是我在网上事先订好的。来了之后，发现是个意外的惊喜。原来这个客栈是一个小院别墅改装的。里面的环境非常别致。我们的房间在二楼，从我们的阳台上能看到古城库斯科的全景。 小院的布置非常养眼。有花花草草，别致的小桌。客栈里有自己的厨房，餐厅，提供早餐。平时餐厅就是我们的会所，一边喝着可卡Coca树叶泡的茶，一边和店家聊着天。店主人是个德国老头Hinez，退休之后就搬到了这里来。库斯科基本上没有什么工业，全靠旅游业和农业，高原的空气没有被污染。安顿停当，决定出去觅食。天空中下着毛毛雨，我们走在石头铺的街上。 找到一家小餐馆。看上去很别致。女招待在给朱哥介绍秘鲁的土豆。原来这里是土豆的发源地，有300多个品种。我饿极了。汤一上来就开喝。这是Alpaca肉做的汤。哈哈，待会儿告诉你们这是神马动物！他家的小面包很好吃。秘诀就是用土制的烤炉来烤面包。请看！哒哒... 库斯科的街上有很多富有特色的小店。很有历史留下的韵味。这些巨石垒砌的墙基透露了昔日帝国首都的辉煌。每块巨石之间结合紧密，几乎没有缝隙。库斯科最辉煌的时候是15世纪，在16世纪初1533年西班牙人入侵之前达到巅峰。当时的印加文化有自己的语言，但是没有文字。印加人高超的建筑术就像他们神秘的文化一样在历史的长河中失传了。至今无人知道这些巨石是从哪里采来的，墙基是如何建造的。 市中心的中央广场Plaza de Armas旁边有一个天主教大教堂，是15世纪西班牙人入侵之后建造的。用的石头是把印加人的宗教建筑捣毁之后搬过来的。去向导公司报道交完钱之后，决定找一家好点的餐馆尝尝当地的名菜，烤荷兰猪！对面的这位帅哥的眼神怪怪的。可能是没见过多少中国人吧。这就是著名的烤荷兰猪！吃完之后有点失望，皮有点硬，肉挺少的。 在海拔3399米睡了一晚上之后感觉好多了。第二天在库斯科继续适应高原，参观库斯科附近的海拔3701米的萨克塞华曼（Sacsayhuaman）遗址，一个由古代克立人在1100年用巨石修建的伟大建筑。在印加文明来到库斯科之前，克立人是这里的居民。每个石头之间没有水泥或泥浆来粘结，只靠自然的结合。据猜测这是一座军事城堡，但是已经无从考证。当地导游说如果你不知道怎么发音，就念Sexy Woman。哈哈，这下我记住了！很难想象这些大石头就这样，靠着互相之间的支撑挺过了900年。 晚上去了一家很有特色的当地小餐馆。当地人的主食中主要是土豆，大米。肉类包括牛肉，Alpaca，鱼等。烤荷兰猪只有在节日的时候吃。招待我们的是一个当地的小伙子，英文名字叫Albert，真名我忘了。现在库斯科的居民由麦士蒂索人－殖民时代外来欧洲人和本地人的混血后代，和当地的安第斯山民组成。真正的印加人随着印加文化的消亡也被同化绝迹了。Albert的祖先是麦士蒂索人。秘鲁和很多南美国家一样受殖民时代的影响，她的官方语言是西班牙语。Albert在荷兰来的义工开的学校里学了英语，能跟我们交流。他听说我们是中国人，非常兴奋！Albert邀请我们从马丘比丘回来后到他的店里来庆祝。 进山前的最后一天我们去了当地的一个集市。路上停车休息的时候发现了这种神马！！对，就是咱们网民称之为草泥horse的神兽！这回见到神兽本尊了！其实人家有大名的，左边毛短的叫Llama，驯化后用来当运输工具。（骡子？）中间毛长可爱超萌的叫Alpaca，贡献的是他们身上的毛和肉。他们都是羊驼的一种。无辜的羊驼们，被我们的网民调侃。到了集市自然是一通转悠。两个大老爷们儿逛这里其实很无聊的。MM们应该会很喜欢，因为有很多精美的南美和秘鲁风格的小饰品。哈哈，老爷们儿还是找到了他们喜欢的东西。这种当地的玉米及其美味，粒儿大汁多很嫩。但是卖相不太好看，摊主往上面浇了一砣绿色的稀糊糊的酱。好了打住，你懂的。但是酱的味道很好！朱哥已经迫不及待了！ 我们当天晚上没有回库斯科，就在印加古道入口外扎营。向导公司提供了帐篷并选好了营地。我们的队伍到齐了。一共是15个徒步者，2个向导，20个协作加厨师。一起晚餐时大家开始互相介绍认识。一晚上安然无事。醒来看到早晨的阳光照在安第斯山脉的雪峰上，山尖在雾气里时隐时现，煞是壮观！这就是印加古道入口的牌子。我们的徒步队伍包括2个中国人，5个美国人，2个匈牙利人，2个新加坡人，2个澳大利亚人，1个英国人，1个来自百慕大。在这里就不一一赘述了。我在路上慢慢介绍。在入口处登记，每个人都要对护照号。如果没有预定，对不起，请回吧。过了桥就是印加古道了。一共是4天的徒步穿越，期间要翻过海拔4200米的隘口。此时的我兴奋无比，马丘比丘，我来啦！一众人等登记完毕，向着遥远的群山进发。我们的向导一边走一边给我们讲解印加古道的历史。很敬业！另一个队伍的协作在我们后面。向导让我们给他们让路，这些协作虽然背了这么多东西，但是任然行走如飞！我们的协作早走在前面去了！在一个路边小店休息。可爱的安第斯小孩，吃着我们送他的薯片。路上的第一天很轻松。大家在吃午饭的帐篷里有说有笑。朱哥要试试协作的自制的背包。他其实有点像当地人，我是指黑的程度。第一天很轻松，我们很快到了过夜的地方。协作已经把营地收拾好，我们就在附近玩咯！我发现2009年的我那时候是个胖纸，还带个小红帽子。 同队的澳大利亚女孩Lilly-这里称呼她小莉，要给大家照合影。小莉很会搞怪，结果把大家逗乐，被大家反拍！她曾经是澳大利亚女子手球队的成员。手球在她那里是没人看的运动，找不到赞助。她练手球纯粹是自己的爱好。因为队里没钱，澳大利亚也没有体育总局这样的干爹，所以没能来2008年的北京奥运会。第二天早上起来是个好天。今天的路程很艰苦，要翻越4215米的隘口，就是地图上最高的那点。蓝蓝的天空飘白云啊... 山上的天气说变就变！一下子来了一片云，居然下起了小雨。向导让我们几个走的快的先行，到了隘口之后等着后队。我，同队的新加坡夫妇-Elaine爱玲和Rhys锐思，和美国人David大伟，先到了。之后是大伟的老婆Rachel瑞秋。瑞秋是个护士，大伟是个律师。大伟和瑞秋住在北加州旧金山北边的一个小镇上。喜欢搞怪的小莉。这是她的经典表情。 小莉的男盆友Tim提姆。左边是我们的主向导兼队长Juvenal胡文诺-胡哥。两个最年轻的协作，一个19，一个20，忘了他们名字了。走在前面的穿棕色冲锋衣带黄色头巾的是来自纽约大都市的女孩Alison阿狸。阿狸29岁，也是个律师。 来自加州首府沙加缅度的Gloria-葛姐。葛姐在加州政府工作。和当时加州州长阿诺施瓦辛格在一层楼里办公。来自匈牙利的帅锅甲-Laszlo拉兹。2008年受金融危机影响没了工作，干脆出来满世界玩。背着各种摄影器材的朱哥。惭愧，俺在2009年是拿着一个卡片机闯天下。其实现在还是卡片。红衣帅锅是来自英国的Stafford-史大福，在纽约市工作。旁边的是他的未婚妻Laura劳拉，来自百慕大。劳拉的父母是英国人，60年代移民到了百慕大。隘口上的合影！胡哥左边的是来自新加坡的小两口爱玲和锐思。他们俩都是干律师的。我们这拨人里律师特别多。在隘口上我们人都在云里，周围雾蒙蒙的。胡哥怕变天，催促我们立刻往下走。 大家知道最难的路段已经被我们征服了，心情轻松得下撤去今晚的营地。左起：大伟，葛姐，阿狸，拉兹，瑞秋，匈牙利帅锅乙-忘了名字了。别看大伟的职业是个律师，平时自己训练马拉松和铁人三项。在干律师之前，和朋友一起搞了几年乐队。帅锅乙想不起来是干嘛的了。第三天早上大雾弥漫。我们队旁边是一群初中生。胡哥说学校组织他们来走印加古道，相当于秘鲁的爱国主义教育。树梢上凝聚的水滴，是那么的晶莹透彻！ 在雾中来到一座古堡。胡哥让我们稍作休息。葛姐是个了不起的女性。50多岁了，有两个孩子，最大的已经19岁。她自己出来走，是我们队里唯一的独行侠。来秘鲁之前已经在墨西哥玩了俩礼拜。葛姐是墨西哥后裔，所以会说西班牙语。多年前父母是非法移民来到加州干农活。葛姐从小吃苦，长大之后考上斯坦福大学。毕业后立志于公共服务，在加州州政府工作。葛姐告诉我州长阿诺喜欢在办公楼里抽雪茄，搞得空气很不好。他们就用德文写了一堆“此处禁止抽烟”的传单贴在楼道里。雾中的印加古堡更增添了神秘感。古堡的下面是一个前哨，相当于咱们中国古城建筑里的卫城。我们的向导胡哥是当地人。在库斯卡一带有10多年的向导经验。胡哥一路上给我们讲解印加文化和历史。每个向导必须在秘鲁首都利马的大学里学习一年，通过考试之后才能拿到上岗证。雾气慢慢的散开。云层就在我们头顶上。 如此美景，大家纷纷摆pose，到此一游。小莉还是用她的经典表情。难道这是澳洲女孩们的“剪刀手”？忘了这张是神马情况了。好像是朱哥让我摆拍。山谷中间白色的就是温泉镇。我们将在第四天下午从马丘比丘下到温泉镇，然后坐火车回到库斯科。一路上看到的古堡越来越多，我们知道离神秘的马丘比丘不远了。下山的路上碰到一段很难走的地方。石头台阶又陡峭，又滑。MM们都非常小心。锐思不管他老婆，只管在底下给她照相。爱玲也不抱怨。好像老外女人都挺独立的。终于大家都安全的走下来了。胡哥说我们这个队真是很强。对向导没有太多的依赖性。 又见更多的古堡。看来离皇上的行宫不远了。动次，打次，动次，打次，弯弯的河水从天上来，流向那万紫千红一片海。。。哎，不对，2009年的时候还没有神曲呢！哥又穿越了。。。山谷里的河是乌鲁邦巴河，孕育了曾经辉煌的印加文明。我和胡哥在这安第斯山脉中合影一张。 第三天的晚餐是厨师给我们做的最后一顿饭。他特意给我们做了个蛋糕。上面的字“Feliz Viaje"是西班牙语旅途愉快的意思。中间的目光呆滞的女孩是Florina-小佛mm，来自纽约市，阿狸的同事，也是个律师。出生在乌克兰，很小的时候随父母来到美国。平时喜欢跑马拉松。这几天由于高反，一直走在队伍的最后，但是也坚持下来了。胡哥给我们下了通知，明天早上要起个大早，赶在日出之前到达Sun Gate -太阳门，俯视被初升的阳光慢慢照亮的马丘比丘。和厨师协作告别之后，赶紧洗洗睡了。 第四天早上全队不到5点就起了。天还没亮，只有朦朦的星光。在去Sun Gate太阳门的路上，看到日出前的晨光。胡哥催促大家加快步伐。印加人把太阳门修建在一个山脊上。如果天气晴朗，从那里可以俯视到马丘比丘的全景。我们到达时，太阳正在从我们背后的群山之中升起，轻轻地掀起马丘比丘神秘的面纱。我队伍一众人等开始准备好拍照。哒哒。。。晨光下的马丘比丘！有点日照金山的感觉。可惜我当时只有一个卡片，没法完美得带回那壮观的瞬间。远处安第斯山脉中的一座雪峰在云层中时隐时现。胡哥开始催促我们抓紧时间。从太阳门下到马丘比丘还有2个小时路程。我赶紧摆个pose，让朱哥抓了一张。队长发话了，“Come on！Let's go！” 快点！大家出发了！大家可能会想，这么显眼的建筑怎么会隐藏这么久没被发现呢？我当时也有这个疑问。胡哥告诉我，马丘比丘在1911年之前被茂密的植被覆盖着，而且经常大雾笼罩。除了当地山民，外来的人很难察觉到在这样的崇山峻岭中还有一个古老的城市。我们队今早能看到晨光下的马丘比丘，是很幸运的。很多时候山上有雾或者下雨。上传网上的两张1911年拍的马丘比丘照片，可以看到树木和藤条把这座古城包裹了起来。我越来越觉得马丘比丘和宫崎骏笔下的天空之城有很多相似之处。经过4天的跋涉，我们终于到了！有经验的胡哥给我们挑了一个好地方。说是很多明信片就是在这个地方拍的。This is the postcard spot! 于是大家纷纷合影，摆pose！胡哥摆了个金刚的pose。我摆了个山寨阿诺的pose。 胡哥是个敬业的好向导，而且知识丰富。来张合影吧。真是天公作美。我们是很幸运的一队！看到马丘比丘背后的那个山峰了吗？她叫Wayna Picchu 瓦纳比丘，比马丘比丘高360米。我和朱哥商量好了要爬到那上面去。([]
国产剧情不见星空汉服原版视频在线观看
王嘉文第一次踏上非洲的大陆，来到了非洲的最南端——南非。美丽的南非让人耳目一新，悠闲地生活让人感到假日的恬静；非常好的环境质量，经常能见到雨后的彩虹。不仅如此，多种肤色的人群在这里同生，多元的文化在这里共存，多种多样的野生动植物在这里和谐相处，各色风景在这里完美融合，共同构成了多彩的南非。 索引南非的街道和豪特湾 -------------------- https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1624771-2-1.html海豹岛 -------------------- https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1624771-3-1.html南非企鹅海滩 -------------------- https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1624771-4-1.html好望角和开普角 -------------------- https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1624771-6-1.html桌山 -------------------- https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1624771-8-1.html落日 -------------------- https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1624771-10-1.html康斯坦丁葡萄酒庄 -------------------- https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1624771-12-1.html信号山 -------------------- https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1624771-13-1.html开普敦街心花园 -------------------- https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1624771-14-1.html高高的芦荟树 -------------------- https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1624771-16-1.html著名的LESEDL 民俗文化村 -------------------- https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1624771-56-1.html比勒陀尼亚的先民纪念馆 -------------------- https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1624771-64-1.html约翰内斯堡的教堂广场 -------------------- https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1624771-73-1.html 我们一行20人，乘坐卡塔尔航空公司的班机，经多哈飞往开普敦。我们的行程只有短短的8天，从开普敦到约翰内斯堡，徜徉在世界最美城市之一的街道中，游历在海豹和南非企鹅的海水里；纵览大西洋、印度洋交汇处水天一色，烟波浩渺的壮丽景观，在这天之涯、海之角，遥望北京~我们也驱车深入野生动物保护区，追逐到了非洲象、犀牛和狮子的足迹，与斑马、角马、羚羊等非洲动物近距离的接触；品尝了鸵鸟肉、鳄鱼肉、......、南非龙虾的美味，欣赏了非洲传统舞蹈和艺术... 非洲，一个神秘的大陆，南非，这辈子一定要去的地方！去南非，有直航的班机，我们选择的是卡塔尔航空公司的班机，经多哈到开普敦；也许你不知道卡塔尔航空，它的服务确实一流，餐食也非常棒！从北京到多哈约八个小时，确实需要活动一下，如果真要从北京一直坐到开普敦，肯定特别的辛苦！先上一盘南非龙虾，这是我们到达开普敦后吃到的，中国菜。 这就是天之涯、海之角，大西洋和印度洋的汇合处波澜壮阔的大海，绝壁深壑的悬崖，乱石穿空，惊涛拍岸，好不壮观！ 还是从头开始来吧，集合了！ 卡塔尔的飞机等待着我们出发；多说一句哈，出行可以选择卡塔尔航空，11年、12年都被评为世界优质航空服务公司；甭管有没有气流，空乘人员一直在忙活着为乘客服务，不但有温馨的小包，餐食也很丰富，品质上佳！ 夕阳下，我们到达了南非的首都开普敦，迎接我们的，就是这辆大巴； 更让我惊讶的是，它居然属于中国国际旅行社的分支“南非国旅” 其实坐飞机一直在吃，下了飞机又要吃饭了，我们来到中国大饭店 饭店的老板很有意思，除了身上的各种纪念章之外，还给我们上了一堂生动的爱国主义教育课 我们头一天居住的酒店前的雕塑 酒店前，马路中间的喷泉 按交通信号灯通过马路去上班的黑人 车水马龙的街道和远处的桌山 开普敦的马路中间耸立的雕像 南非一片富人居住的区域 蔚蓝的海水，美丽的海滩 上图的照片比较大，点开之后，可以看到一个裸男；让我们的小黄旗也在这美丽的海岸上飘扬 老外乘坐的旅游大巴 我们到达豪特湾，要坐船去看海豹 南非的海豹很好客，有些已经到码头来接我们了 哦，这里还有一大群海豹来接我们了 离开美丽的码头了 有钱的人可真不少啊！ 去往海豹岛的游船 海豹岛边的山头 海豹岛到了 这里的密度太大了 这儿的也不少 它们也不嫌挤(
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杨淑博Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth
神马理伦午夜…级
许启花在8264潜水多年，发过帖子，但都是提问帖，寻求帮助的。这次发一个关于清迈的分享帖。我7月份在清迈赖了半个月，从下面几个方面和大家分享一下赖在那的日子。都是原片，真实再现。希望我能把楼盖完，这个帖子不会烂尾清迈·街拍（39楼，在清迈取现和换汇）清迈·信仰（68楼开始）清迈·夜市（115楼“夜市·小吃”、193楼“夜市·人物”）8264驴·游清迈（225楼）泰北·Pai（250楼开始、286楼粉红主木屋旅馆）清迈·火车站（305楼）、大学（316楼）、双龙寺（321楼）清迈·市场walolo（338楼开始）、Airport Plaza（429楼）清迈·吃（474楼）清迈·住（607楼青旅“little bird”）清迈·店里的手工艺品（665楼）曼谷·terminal 21厕所专（724楼）文字攻略篇（781楼）清迈印象：这是在清迈长康路附近的鲜花市场拍的。清迈地图： 看到清迈的第一眼第一晚住的地方（合RMB170，含早餐）后面会对此行住的地方做个总结。清迈的主要交通工具图解：1、最上面的是双条车。清迈的双条车分为六个颜色（红、白、绿、黄、蓝、橘）。红色是随招随停的（20泰铢起），与司机沟通好目的地和价钱，下车付费。另外五种颜色的则行驶固定的路线；2、右下角的是“dudu”40泰铢起，也是随招随停；3、自行车租一天也就50B（合RMB10），“一天”的概念就是24小时；4、老外们通常喜欢租摩托车，这样远近都可以去了。接下来发些街拍照片，都是原片，大家自己找感觉吧在清迈的日子，总能“转角遇上花”。在泰国绕不开的就是寺庙和僧人。后面会有一个寺庙的专 很喜欢每家门前的信箱，后面会有一个专几乎每家每户都供养着佛，每天都要拜一拜的：）来点本土的哈几乎每家都会挂的。。。普通的市场，后面会有一个walolo专。 先盖到这。。。 银行都以颜色区分，持中国的借记卡可以在支持中国银联的ATM机上直接取钱。以下都是可以直接取现的银行：Bangkok Bank（曼谷银行，橙色）KASIkom Bank（泰华农民银行，绿色）TMB（泰国军人银行，蓝红相间）UOB（大华银行）Siam City Bank（泰国城市银行，红色）Siam Commercial Bank（泰国商业银行，紫色）关于取现手续费：泰国的银行，每取一笔，手续费是150B。国内银行手续费一般是取现金额1%+12元。关于换汇，我个人认为可以在国内换好，或在清迈的superrich拿人民币换（美元就更好了），换汇都不错的。我给大家上一个我的工行卡明细截图，能直观体现在清迈ATM取现的费用艺术中心，拿护照去可有免费的中文讲解。在交通高峰期，会有交警给到寺庙参观的游客的车开道哈。
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